Environmental Status

In 2001, the provincial ambient air quality has been a bit better than last year. Dust pollution has been reduced, but is till the major pollutant in urban air. The acid rain situation is a bit worse than last year with the acid rain frequency raised. The major river's water qualities have been improved than last year, the number of qualified river sections and river sections that qualification reached or excess III grade have increased. But for those river sections which flow through cities, pollution has been more serious, the main pollution index is NH3-N,which showed obviouscharacteristics of domestic pollution and agricultural pollution. City noise pollution has been controlled, the level of urban noise and traffic noise has been decreased, and percentage of urban regional noise that exceeded standard of comparable cities is basically equal with last year's data.

City Environmental Quality

City air quality

Provincial ambient air quality has been a bit better than last year, the integrated pollution index has been drop from 2.04 to 1.98; Dust pollution has been reduced, but is till the major pollutant in urban air. Among the 22 provincial regional grade cities and Shunde, 4 cities' air quality reached first grade which are Zhaoqing, Huizhou, Heyuan and Shanwei, air quality of Meizhou city is between second grade and third grade, while rest of the cities reached second grade.

Provincial urban air's annual daily average value of SO2 is between 0.002-0.058mg/m3, with a mean value of 0.021mg/m3, a bit higher than last year's value (0.020mg/m3). All the cities' air quality is within the national second grade standards. In the annual daily average value, those of Guangzhou and Fuoshan are relatively high.

Provincial urban air's annual daily average value of NOx is between 0.010-0.070mg/m3, with a mean value of 0.028mg/m3, basically equal to last year's value. The provincial average level has reached the national first grade standards; none of the cities has exceeded the second grade standards. In the annual daily average value, those of Guangzhou and Shenzhen are relatively high.

Provincial urban air's annual daily average value of totalsuspended particles is between 0.048-0.206 mg/m3 and the mean value is 0.121 mg/m3, 7.5% lower than last year's value (0.134 mg/m3). The provincial average level and all the cities' air quality level, except Meizhou city, are within the national second grade standard, Meizhou city 's is of third grade standards. In the annual daily average value, those of Meizhou, Chaozhou and Jieyang are relatively high.

Provincial urban air's annual daily average value of settlement dust is between 1.52-8.35 ton/km2·month, and the mean value is 5.28 ton/km2·month, lower than last year's value (5.61 ton/km2·month). The provincial average level all the cities' air quality level, except Yunfu city, are within the provincial recommended standards. Yunfu city has exceed standards.

According to statistics from 9 cities, urban air's annual daily average value of inhalation particles (PM10) is between 0.049-0.084mg/m3, and the mean value is 0.063mg/m3, all are within the second grade standards. In the annual daily average value, those of Shunde and Fuoshan are relatively high.

City Precipitation

The quality of provincial urban precipitation is a bit worse than last year's, the pH value of precipitation has also slightly dropped, but the frequency of acid rain has risen. Average pH of precipitation is 4.82, he provincial acid rain frequency is 44.4%, which is 6.7%higher than last year. 8 cities with serious acid rain occurred are Guangzhou, Zhuhai, Foushan, Jiangmen, Maoming, Zhanjiang, Huizhou and Qingyuan.

which is 0.13 pH unit less than last year's; the lowest pH value of precipitation is 3.46,appeared in Dongguan city; the provincial acid rain frequency is 44.4%, which is 6.7%higher than last year. 8 cities with serious acid rain occurred are Guangzhou, Zhuhai, Foushan, Jiangmen, Maoming, Zhanjiang, Huizhou and Qingyuan.

Urban Water Environment

In River section of 19 provincial regional grade cities (excluding Zhanjiang and Shanwei, for they have no river section gone through city.), 7 river section's water quality have reached the request o<Environmen-tal Quality Standard of Ground Water>(GHZB1-1999), stands 36.8% of the examination sections, 5.3% lower than last year's data. Water quality of urban river sections is mainly in the category of grade V and IV. Dongjiang river Heyuan urban section and Hanjing river Chaozhou urban section are of excellent water quality, belongs to grade I and stands 10.5%; 4 river urban sections are of good water quality, belongs to grade II and stands 21.0%; 5 river urban sections are of average water quality, belongs to grade IV and stands 26.3%; 2 river urban sections are of bad water quality, belongs to grade IV and stands 10.5%; 6 river urban sections are of worse water quality, belongs to bad grade V and stands 31.6%, they are Pear River Guangzhou urban section, Shenzhen River Shenzhen urban section, Foushan watercourse Foushan urban section, Xiao Dongjiang River Maoming section, Dongguan canal Dongguan urban section and Nanshan River Yunfu urban section. Urban river sections of the large rivers main stream still remain excellent water quality (grade I-II). Urban river sections of worse water quality (grade V-bad V) mainly concentrated in the Pear River Delta. Water quality that is beyond standard appeared obvious features of domestic and agricultural organic pollution, with major pollution index is NH3-N, secondly are aerobic organic compound and oil. Compared with last year, number of river section reached standards are 5.3% less, water quality of river sections meet request of or better than grade III is 10.5% less. The tendency of pollution degree of urban river section going worse has not been remission.

Urban Noise

Provincial average value of environmental noise equivalent sound level in urban region is 54.8dB(A), 0.3dB(A) fewer than last year, meet the request of national standard for daytime regional environmental noise (category No. 1:residential district and educational district). The structure of noise source are still mainly domestic and traffic noise source, each stands a percentage of 59.7% and 19.8%.

level in urban region is 54.8dB(A), 0.3dB(A) fewer than last year, meet the request of national standard for daytime regional environmental noise (category No. 1:residential district and educational district). The structure of noise source are still mainly domestic and traffic noise source, each stands a percentage of 59.7% and 19.8%.

Provincial average value of traffic noise equivalent sound level in urban roads is 63.8dB(A); 0.3dB(A) fewer than last year, the annual average value of all cities is within standards. Provincial Length of road which urban road traffic noise has exceeded standard stands 24.1% of the total monitored road length, which is 5.3% lower than last year.

In the provincial average value of environmental noise equivalent sound level of urban functional region, the percentage of exceeding standards is 23.5%; percentage of urban regional noise that exceeded standard of comparable cities is basically equal with last year's data. Among the functional region, percentage of exceeding standards is relatively high in region of category No. 4(both sides of main traffic lines) and No.0(recuperate district, luxury villa, hotels), while in region of category No. 3 (industrial district) is lowest.

Water Environment

Rivers

In the 59 provincial controlled river section in Guangdong, 31 of them meet the request of standards, stands 52.5%, 6.7% higher than last year. Water qualities of rivers are mainly belongs to grade II. 6 river sections are of excellent water quality, belongs to grade I and stands 10.5%, they are Heyuan section of Dongjiang River, Zengjiang River Liuxi River, Qinjiang River, Chaozhou section of Hanjing River and Xixi River; 23 river sections are of good water quality, belongs to grade II and stands 40.0%; 2 river sections are of fair water quality, belongs to grade III and stands 3.4%; 11 river sections are of average water quality, belongs to grade IV and stands 18.6%; 7 river urban sections are of bad water quality, belongs to grade V and stands 11.9% ; 10 river urban sections are of worse water quality, belongs to bad grade V and stands 16.9%, they are Nanshan River, Longgang River, Pingshan River, Foushan watercourse, Dongguan canal, Pear River Guangzhou section, Shenzhen River, Nianjiang River, Xiao Dongjiang River Maoming section and Xiao Dongjiang River Zhanjiang sections. River sections are of excellent to good water quality, are the mainstream of big river and the main watercourse in Pear River Delta, such as East River, West River, North River, Meijiang River, Hanjiang River, Moyangjiang River, and Tanjiang River. River sections of worse water quality are those flows through cities urban and cross CitiesRiver with a relatively small flow. Major pollution index is NH3-N, secondly are oil, aerobic organic compound and non-ionic ammonia, and showed obvious domestic and agricultural organic pollution features. Compared with last year, percentage of river sections reached standards is 6.7% higher, water quality of river sections meet request of or better than grade III is 5.1% more. The general water quality of provincial main rivers has been improved. River sections which integrated pollution index and water pollution that have been decreased are Xizhijiang River, Longgang River, Pingshan River, Jiangmen River, Shenzhen River, Nianjiang River, Juehuajiang River, Xiao Dongjiang Maoming section, Jiuzhou River and Nandu River. River sections that integrated pollution index and water pollution that have been increased are Foushan watercourse, MeixiRiver and Xiao Dongjiang Zhanjiang section. Water quality of other river sections has no obvious changes.

Xiao Dongjiang River Zhanjiang sections. River sections are of excellent to good water quality, are the mainstream of big river and the main watercourse in Pear River Delta, such as East River, West River, North River, Meijiang River, Hanjiang River, Moyangjiang River, and Tanjiang River. River sections of worse water quality are those flows through cities urban and cross CitiesRiver with a relatively small flow. Major pollution index is NH3-N, secondly are oil, aerobic organic compound and non-ionic ammonia, and showed obvious domestic and agricultural organic pollution features. Compared with last year, percentage of river sections reached standards is 6.7% higher, water quality of river sections meet request of or better than grade III is 5.1% more. The general water quality of provincial main rivers has been improved. River sections which integrated pollution index and water pollution that have been decreased are Xizhijiang River, Longgang River, Pingshan River, Jiangmen River, Shenzhen River, Nianjiang River, Juehuajiang River, Xiao Dongjiang Maoming section, Jiuzhou River and Nandu River. River sections that integrated pollution index and water pollution that have been increased are Foushan watercourse, MeixiRiver and Xiao Dongjiang Zhanjiang section. Water quality of other river sections has no obvious changes.

River Mouths and Near-coastalSea Region

There are Guangzhou, Shantou and Zhanjiang 3 cities of Guangdong, which separately monitored the river mouths' water quality of PearRiver, HanjiangRiver and JiuzhouRiver. All the water qualities of river mouths are beyond standards and the main pollution index is NH3-N. Compare with last year, river mouth water pollution of PearRiver and Jiuzhou Rive have been decreased, while mot much changes in the river mouth of HangjiangRiver.

There are Shenzhen; Zhuhai, Zhanjiang and Yangjiang 4 cities of Guangdong monitored the water quality of near-coastal sea region. All the urban sections, water qualities are beyond standards, except that of Yangjiang is within standards. Main pollution index of sections beyond standards are inorganic Nitrogen and phosphate. Compared with last year, Water pollution of Zhuhai section has been decreased, while not much changes in Shenzhen, Zhanjiang and Yangjiang sections.

changes in Shenzhen, Zhanjiang and Yangjiang sections.

Lakes and Reservoirs

Water quality of Xin Fengjiang Reservoirs keep stable, and has attained the water quality standard of grade I, are excellent water. All annual average values of monitoring index of Hedi Reservoir have attained standards, belongs to grade II. Water quality of Gaozhou Reservoir and XinghuLake are beyond standards, belongs to grade IV, exceeding items are total Nitrogen and total Phosphor. Compare with last year, water pollution of Hedi Reservoir has been decreased while that of XinhuLake has increased, and not much changes in Gaozhou Reservoir.

Ecological Environment

Forest

The area of provincial forestry lands is 10.233milliom hectares, the area of woodlands is 7.089 million hectares and the area of ecological commonweal woodland is 3.573 million hectares, which stands 33% of woodlands area. In the whole year, had completed the forest plantation on deserted mountains and deserts, renovation of traced land and reconstruction of low-productive woods area 220.83 thousands hectares, among that, area of forest plantation on deserted mountains and deserts is 32.35 thousands hectares, the increasing rate is 88.4%; the annual defending forest completed area is 53.29 thousands hectares, the increasing rate is 29.8%. Number of voluntary tree planted is 98.7716 million trunk, increased 17.1%. Forestry coverage is 56.9%, balanced with last year. In the whole year, number of forest fire occurred is 1677 times, among that is 40 times fire alter, normal forest fire 127 times, overshoot area is 2525 hectares, suffered injured forest area 965 hectares.

Land

Provincial plantation area is 3125 thousand hectares, basic farmland conservation area is 2846.7 thousands hectares balanced with last year. In the same year, the area of soil erosion control is 400 km2. By the end of the year, there is still 11120 km2 of soil erosion area. The same year, re-cultivate area of mining lands is 1859.2 hectares, about 40.7% of the promised re-cultivate lands.

CityGarden Virescence

Greenery coverage of urban construction region is 32.52%, 0.5% lower than last year; percentage of greenbelt in urban construction region is 29.96%, 0.5% higher than data of last year; the average urban public greenbelt per person is 7.74m2(including agriculture population), 18.9% higher than that of last year.

Radiation Environment

The situation of provincial radiation environment management, nuclear power station emergency and the surrounding Radiation environment of nuclear station are fairly good. 2 sets of generator of Da Ya-wan nuclear station are working well; the annual emission of emission is lower than the national stipulated limit. Among them, annual emission limit for inert gases is 1.36%, iodine stands 0.15%, halogen + aerosol stands 0.18%, liquid emission stands 0.4%. Production of solid wastes is 133.22 m3 , which is 28.5% lower than last year. This is the best level ever since the station started operation.

From the 9 sub-stations of γ radiation monitoring system for nuclear stations' surroundings showed that the gaseous emission of nuclear station has not found any obvious affection done to the surrounding environment. In the sample of aerosol and settlement, no sight of artificial radio nuclide is detected, content of natural radio nuclide and cosmic radio nuclide and total βlevel are in the fluctuation range of background value.

In the terrene media( including non-cultivate land, terrestrial life-form, reservoir water, drinking water), besides the natural radio nuclide 238U、232Th、226Ra、40K, cosmic radio nuclide 7Beand minimum amount of artificial radio nuclide 137Csand 90Sr are detected, no sight of other artificial radio nuclide is monitored. The above radio nuclide content and total βlevel are in the fluctuation range of background value.

Natural radio nuclide detected in sea water sample are 238U、232Th、226Ra、40K and minimum amount of artificial radio nuclide ,like 137Cs and 90Sr. These radio nuclide content and total βlevel are in the fluctuation range of background value.